TaprootChain Upgrade

Cross-chain is only a temporary solution. In the future, we will build a Bitcoin Layer 2 using OP-Rollup technology. This new layer will directly support native assets of the Bitcoin ecosystem.

OP-Rollup on Bitcoin

Before delving into Taproot Rollup, it's essential to understand the Optimistic Rollup (OP-Rollup) technology, as Taproot Rollup builds upon OP-Rollup.

Optimistic Rollup (OP-Rollup) is a layer-two scaling solution designed to enhance the performance and scalability of blockchain networks. Unlike traditional approaches that execute all computations and validations directly on the blockchain, OP-Rollup minimizes on-chain data and maximizes off-chain computations, achieving high throughput and low-cost transaction processing. Its core principle relies on an "optimistic" assumption, presuming that the majority of transactions are honest, rather than immediately validating each transaction. This deferral of verification enhances transaction efficiency.

The operational process of OP-Rollup can be roughly divided into the following steps:

Transaction Submission and Aggregation: Users submit transactions to OP-Rollup, which are then added to a mempool awaiting processing. The OP-Rollup sequencer retrieves transactions from the mempool, aggregates and orders them into batches for subsequent processing and submission.

Transaction Execution: Transactions within OP-Rollup are executed off-chain, outside the realm of on-chain smart contracts. Each transaction execution results in a transition from an old state to a new state. Once a batch of transactions is executed, a new state root is computed, representing the updated system state, and submitted to the Bitcoin main chain.

State Verification and Fraud Proof: OP-Rollup does not immediately conduct complex validation upon submitting transaction batches. Instead, it "optimistically" assumes the validity of these transactions and submits them to the main chain. However, if anyone suspects a batch is invalid, they can challenge it through a fraud proof. This mechanism allows any observer to challenge incorrect or maliciously submitted states or transactions on the chain, ensuring even "optimistically" accepted transactions can be proven erroneous and revoked.

Through these operations, OP-Rollup achieves efficient transaction processing and security, providing a significant solution for the scalability and performance of blockchain networks. Its innovation lies in deferring the verification process optimistically, significantly enhancing transaction efficiency and throughput, while the fraud proof mechanism ensures transaction security and trustworthiness. The application of OP-Rollup technology in the Ethereum network holds promise for further advancement and utilization of blockchain technology.

Applying OP-Rollup technology to the Bitcoin network presents challenges but is feasible. After understanding the fundamental principles of OP-Rollup, we can explore how to implement this technology on the Bitcoin network.

Firstly, considering Bitcoin's characteristics as a non-smart contract platform, lacking Ethereum's smart contract functionality, we need to devise a suitable method for transaction aggregation, execution, and verification within the Bitcoin script language.

One possible approach is leveraging the flexibility of the Bitcoin script language to design a specialized transaction format allowing for aggregation and execution. This may entail introducing new transaction types and rules to ensure validity and executability.

Additionally, since the Bitcoin network does not directly support smart contracts, we may need to construct an execution environment off-chain, akin to Ethereum's virtual machine. In this execution environment, we can simulate the execution process of the Bitcoin script language and execute transactions. After each batch execution, a new state root is computed and submitted to the Bitcoin main chain.

When submitting transaction batches, similar to the Ethereum network, we can adopt an optimistic assumption, deferring verification to enhance transaction efficiency. If someone suspects a batch is invalid, they can challenge it through a fraud proof. Although the Bitcoin network currently lacks direct support for fraud proofs, introducing new protocols and mechanisms can achieve this.

In conclusion, while applying OP-Rollup technology to the Bitcoin network may pose challenges, we are confident that with the introduction of new technologies and mechanisms, this goal can be achieved, thereby improving the transaction efficiency and throughput of the Bitcoin network.